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Genes Fold Enrichment Color Codes
  • Gene Name, Canonical Transcript - gene identifiers from gnomAD database (Build 37)
  • GeVIR % - gene rank measured in percentiles based on Gene Variation Intolerance Ranking (GeVIR) (low values indicate more variation intolerant genes, which is also true for "LOEUF %" and "VIRLoF %"). GeVIR is a method which we developed and applied on a list of 19,361 genes to sort them based on number, length and evolutionary conservation of regions without functional variants (i.e. between two missense, loss-of-function, insertion or delition variants) in gnomAD database (version 2.0.1). Only canonical transcripts were analysed.
  • LOEUF % - gene rank measured in percentiles based gnomAD loss-of-function observed/expected upper bound fraction (LOEUF) (see Figure 1). For more information about this metric, please read "Constraint" section of MacArthur Lab blog post. If you use this metric please cite gnomAD flagship paper and use most up-to-date values from gnomAD website.

    LoF observed/expected (o/e) upper Confidence Interval (CI)

    Figure 1. Screenshot of ELN gene constraint metrics from gnomAD browser

  • VIRLoF % - gene rank measured in percentiles based on both GeVIR and gnomAD LOEUF (shows the best overall performance, see Figure 2). If you use this metric please cite both GeVIR and gnomAD flagship paper.
  • GeVIR AD, LOEUF AD, VIRLoF AD, GeVIR AR, LOEUF AR, VIRLoF AR - to help users interpret gene ranks, we calculated fold enrichment of Autosomal Dominant (AD) and Autosomal Recessive (AR) genes with known molecular basis of disorder in OMIM in a range of +-5% of gene X (see Figure 2). Statistical significant fold enrichements (Fisher Exact Test p-value < 1e-5) are shown in bold in the table. For example CDK19 gene's GeVIR % is 2.37, so examined range is from 0 (2.37-5, rounded to minimal percentile) to 7.37% (2.37+5). Genes in this range are ~4 times more often (4.05 fold enrichement) associated with AD diseases and ~4 times less often (0.25 fold enrichement) associated with AR diseases. Both enrichment of AD genes and deficiency of AR genes is statistical significant. Thus GeVIR metric adds supportive evidence that CDK19 is more likely to be associated with AD than AR disease.

    Gene Percentiles AD AR Fold Enrichment

    Figure 2. Fold Enrichment of known Autosomal Dominant (AD) and Autosomal Recessive (AR) genes of each gene in the ranked lists (GeVIR, LOEUF, VIRLoF. AD genes are enriched among top ranked genes (lowest percentiles), whereas AR genes are enriched among middle ranked genes (approximetly 35-65 percentiles). Combined metric (VIRLoF, purple) shows the best perfornance, i.e. high ranked genes are more often associated with AD than AR diseases, low ranked genes are less often associated with both AD and AR diseases.
Gene Name Canonical Transcript GeVIR % LOEUF % VIRLoF % GeVIR AD LOEUF AD VIRLoF AD GeVIR AR LOEUF AR VIRLoF AR
PRPF8 ENST00000572621 0.39 4.39 0.81 4.39 3.26 4.54 0.16 0.32 0.21
MAPK1 ENST00000215832 0.68 4.18 0.83 4.35 3.25 4.54 0.19 0.32 0.21
FUBP1 ENST00000370768 4.31 0.49 0.80 3.71 4.13 4.54 0.30 0.28 0.21
EIF4G1 ENST00000424196 4.44 0.45 0.83 3.70 4.11 4.54 0.29 0.28 0.21
KIF1A ENST00000498729 3.32 1.47 0.80 3.86 3.91 4.54 0.30 0.26 0.21
PRPF4B ENST00000337659 3.15 1.73 0.82 3.85 3.84 4.54 0.30 0.26 0.21
HNRNPA1 ENST00000340913 1.54 3.24 0.79 4.27 3.46 4.55 0.20 0.28 0.21
UBR5 ENST00000520539 4.52 0.33 0.82 3.69 4.13 4.55 0.29 0.28 0.21
NCBP1 ENST00000375147 3.85 0.92 0.79 3.77 4.11 4.55 0.30 0.29 0.21
CUL5 ENST00000393094 1.38 3.45 0.81 4.33 3.40 4.55 0.19 0.29 0.21
SUPT6H ENST00000314616 4.37 0.28 0.78 3.71 4.12 4.56 0.30 0.29 0.21
SBNO1 ENST00000420886 4.01 0.64 0.77 3.77 4.13 4.56 0.29 0.28 0.21
RABGAP1 ENST00000373647 4.05 0.53 0.77 3.75 4.15 4.56 0.29 0.27 0.21
CDC5L ENST00000371477 2.42 2.13 0.76 4.11 3.68 4.57 0.27 0.28 0.21
TAF4 ENST00000252996 3.89 0.66 0.76 3.77 4.12 4.57 0.30 0.28 0.20
UBA2 ENST00000246548 1.62 2.92 0.75 4.30 3.49 4.58 0.21 0.29 0.20
NKAP ENST00000371410 0.48 4.04 0.75 4.39 3.25 4.58 0.17 0.32 0.20
WAPAL ENST00000298767 2.86 1.56 0.72 3.95 3.88 4.58 0.30 0.26 0.20
KCNJ3 ENST00000295101 0.57 3.93 0.74 4.39 3.29 4.58 0.19 0.31 0.20
SUZ12 ENST00000322652 2.04 2.38 0.71 4.23 3.62 4.59 0.24 0.29 0.20
ZSWIM8 ENST00000398706 2.17 2.29 0.74 4.17 3.65 4.59 0.27 0.29 0.20
MAT2A ENST00000306434 1.06 3.35 0.71 4.40 3.44 4.59 0.18 0.28 0.20
NFIX ENST00000397661 1.45 3.01 0.73 4.32 3.48 4.59 0.21 0.28 0.20
CHD8 ENST00000399982 3.74 0.67 0.70 3.78 4.11 4.60 0.30 0.28 0.20
NSD1 ENST00000439151 3.50 0.94 0.73 3.83 4.09 4.60 0.30 0.29 0.20

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